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The characteristics of the applicable bone plates for children’s fractures are mainly reflected in aspects such as material biocompatibility, mechanical adaptability, shaping ability, optimization of internal fixation methods, and innovation in functional design. The following is a specific analysis:
Excellent biocompatibility: Children’s bones are in the stage of growth and development, and thus have higher requirements for the biocompatibility of implant materials. The bone plates suitable for children’s fractures should be made of materials with good compatibility with human tissues, such as titanium alloys, to reduce the risk of immune rejection and inflammation and avoid affecting the normal development of bones.
Mechanical adaptability: The mechanical properties of children’s bones, such as elastic modulus and fatigue resistance, differ from those of adults. The applicable bone plate should have mechanical properties that match those of children’s bones. It should not only provide sufficient support strength but also avoid the stress occlusion effect, preventing nonunion or deformity of fractures caused by excessive rigidity of the fixation device.
Strong shaping ability: Children’s bones have diverse shapes and grow rapidly, so the fixation device needs to have good plasticity and fit. The applicable bone plate should support personalized shaping based on the fracture site, ensure a tight fit with the bone surface, reduce irritation to the surrounding tissues, and at the same time adapt to the morphological changes during bone growth.
Optimization of internal fixation methods: Children’s bones are relatively thin, and traditional screw fixation may increase the risk of bone injury. The applicable bone plate often adopts the locking plate technology. It is fixed by the angular stability of the plate and the screw, reducing the pressure on the bone cortex and lowering the probability of bone injury. It is especially suitable for children patients with osteoporosis or low bone mass.
Functional design innovation: In response to the bone growth characteristics of children, some bone plates are made of degradable materials or designed with adjustable structures. The degradable bone plate is gradually absorbed by the human body after completing the fixation function, avoiding secondary surgeries. The adjustable structure allows the fixation strength to be adjusted according to the growth of bones, reducing the interference with bone development.